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ZEV Credits

Manufacturer Volume Status

The Zero Emission Vehicle (ZEV) Regulation requires large-volume and intermediate-volume manufacturers selling vehicles in Vermont to provide a certain percent of zero emission vehicles, or ZEVs (such as battery electric and fuel cell vehicles), and cleaner plug-in hybrids. Range-extended battery electric vehicles and improved low-range, neighborhood electric vehicles may also earn credits under the ZEV regulation. The manufacturers listed to the right include 2021 vehicle manufacturers subject to the ZEV requirements.

Beginning with the 2018 Model Year, cleaner hybrids and cleaner gasoline vehicles with near-zero tail pipe emissions no longer earn ZEV credits and their prior credits have a discounted value.

Manufacturer ZEV Requirement

A vehicle manufacturer’s ZEV requirement is based on a percentage of its passenger cars and light-duty trucks from 0 to 8,500 pounds, delivered for sale in Vermont. The table below is the 2021 Vermont vehicle production of large-volume and intermediate-volume manufacturers subject to the ZEV requirement. Manufacturers may exclude ZEV vehicles from their obligation basis.

Large Volume

  • BMW
  • Fiat Chrysler
  • Ford
  • GM
  • Honda
  • Hyundai
  • KIA
  • Mercedes-Benz AG
  • Nissan
  • Toyota
  • Volkswagen

Intermediate Volume

  • Jaguar Land Rover
  • Mazda
  • Mitsubishi
  • Subaru Corporation
  • Tesla
  • Volvo
Large and Intermediate-Volume Manufacturer Vehicles Delivered for Sale in Vermont for 2021 Model Year
Manufacturer Passenger and LDT
BMW 340
Fiat Chrysler 5,334
Ford 3,647
GM 5,261
Honda 2,457
Hyundai 451
Jaguar Land Rover 0
KIA 803
Mazda 729
Mercedes-Benz AG 160
Mitsubishi 153
Nissan 1,023
Subaru Corporation 6,141
Tesla 260
Toyota 8,176
Volkswagen 1,728
Volvo 438
TOTAL 37,101

LDT = light duty truck 0-8,500 lbs.

Manufacturer 2021 ZEV Credit Balances and Transfers

In complying with the ZEV Regulation, large and intermediate volume manufacturers supply vehicles in Vermont which generate credits based on vehicle type. Small volume manufacturers without a formal obligation to supply vehicles may also earn credits that may be banked or sold. The table below lists credit balances as of October 1, 2022 generated since the start of Vermont’s ZEV program in 2000, although requirements for placements began only in 2007. The credits are in units of grams per mile Non-Methane Organic Gases (g/mi NMOG) converted to ZEV Credits. The credit balances are maintained by the California Air Resources Board Zero Emission Vehicle Credit Reporting and Data Tracking System (ZEVCRDTS) in a Public Summary format.  

Note: in various Model Years manufacturers may have earned credits in Vermont for placements in other States adopting the California Low Emission/Zero Emission Vehicle Regulations through a mechanism known as “Travel”, meant to foster technology development without placing undue burden upon manufacturers. Travel of FCVs continues while travel of BEVs was completed prior to the close of the Model Year 2017 per the ZEV regulation.

Model Year 2021 Manufacturer Cumulative ZEV Credits
MFR FCV BEV BEVx NEV+ discount TZEV
BMW
0.00
45.21
159.94
0.00
0.00
1,860.06
Fiat Chrysler
0.00
2,680.73
0.00
1,036.31
0.00
680.23
Ford
0.00
1,960.75
0.00
0.00
0.00
560.65
GM
0.00
2,915.95
0.00
0.00
0.00
3,367.44
Honda
1,492.89
0.02
0.00
0.00
0.00
3,039.99
Hyundai
17.67
392.92
0.00
0.00
0.00
594.80
Jaguar Land Rover
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
KIA
0.00
56.61
0.00
0.00
35.53
637.03
Mazda
0.00
54.61
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
Mercedes-Benz AG
170.66
46.14
0.00
0.00
0.00
5,434.48
Mitsubishi
0.00
163.34
0.00
0.00
7.38
52.20
Nissan
481.40
107.86
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
Subaru Corporation
0.00
7,625.65
0.00
0.00
451.32
0.00
Tesla
0.00
2,837.61
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
Toyota
141.52
3,446.47
0.00
0.00
268.10
2,032.10
Volkswagen
0.00
1,254.97
0.00
0.00
0.00
930.55
Volvo
0.00
48.58
0.00
0.00
0.00
2.14
TOTALS
2,304.14
23,637.42
159.94
1,036.31
762.33
19,191.67

Zero Emission Vehicle (ZEV) Definitions

  • FCV = Fuel Cell Vehicle
  • BEV = Battery Electric Vehicle
  • BEVx = BEVs with a clean range-extending auxiliary power unit
  • NEV+ = Neighborhood Electric Vehicle, an improved low speed, limited range vehicle
  • Discount =  Conversion of Advanced Technology Partial Zero Emission Vehicle (clean hybrids) and Partial Zero Emission Vehicle (clean gasoline) credits from prior year ZEV Program requirements per Title 13, California Code of Regulations Section 1962.1(g)(2)(f) 
  • TZEV = Transitional Zero Emission Vehicle, e.g., "plug-in hybrid"

Public Transfer Report of 2021 Vermont ZEV Credits

Transferor Table
Transferor Vehicle Type Total Credits
Tesla BEV 60.00
  TOTAL 60.00
Transferee Table
Transferee Vehicle Type Total Credits
Mazda BEV 60.00
  TOTAL 60.00

ZEV Credit Archive